Which height goes in the triangle formula?

The perpendicular height to the base you chose, not the slanted side.

Area and Volume Formulas — Examples and Uses

One reference for the geometry formulas that come up again and again.

$A = \tfrac{1}{2} b h$

Base and perpendicular height.

$A = \pi r^2$

Circumference is 2πr.

$V = \pi r^2 h$

Base area times height.

$V = \tfrac{4}{3}\pi r^3$

Surface area is 4πr².

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Which height goes in the triangle formula?: The perpendicular height to the base you chose, not the slanted side.